GSQ+Jason+and+Ajith

toc =Quarters=

TPA Politics DA

 * Congress will pass trade promotion authority for Obama now, despite partisanship on other issues. **

Barfield 7/3/13 Claude Barfield is a Resident Scholar at AEI and a former consultant to the office of the US Trade Representative, July 3, 2013, “On trade, Republicans have Speaker Boehner’s back” http://www.aei-ideas.org/2013/07/on-trade-republicans-have-speaker-boehners-back/

John Boehner still has much to fear from the rambunctious younger cohorts of his Republican AND scrambling for votes, as was the case recently with the agriculture bill.

William M. LeoGrande School of Public Affairs American University, Professor of Government and a specialist in Latin American politics and U.S. foreign policy toward Latin America, Professor LeoGrande has been a frequent adviser to government and private sector agencies, 12/18/12, http://www.american.edu/clals/upload/LeoGrande-Fresh-Start.pdf
 * Plan drains capital – Backlash and hostage empirically proven **
 * LeoGrande, 12 **

The Second Obama Administration Where in the executive branch will control over Cuba policy lie AND rarely happen unless the urgency of the problem forces policymakers to take action.
 * Internal Link - Obama’s capital is critical to passing Trade promotion authority. **

Politi, 5/20/13 James. Financial Times [London (UK)] 20 May 2013 Financial Times US economics and trade correspondent “US business keen to promote 'fast track' trade deals: Political debate” Proquest

A campaign has been launched to 'educate' legislators on the benefits involved, writes, AND though TPP is more contentious especially after the announcement that Japan would accede.

Jeffrey Schott 6/14/13 Senior Fellow, Peterson Institute for International Economics Payoff from the World Trade Agenda Peterson Institute for International Economics, Washington, DC June 14, 2013 http://www.piie.com/publications/papers/transcript-20130614.pdf
 * Impact Passing TPA is critical to the future viability of the WTO – which will collapse now. **

Now, what are the prospects for Bali? Well, they’re not so good AND bigger WTO package that would be pulled together and accelerated negotiations post Bali.


 * WTO credibility key to cooperation – fosters peace and solves conflict **
 * Blanco 2013 ** (Herminio Blanco, AllAfrica Staff Writer, 4-29-13, “The relevance of the World Trade Organization for Africa”, http://www.tralac.org/2013/04/29/the-relevance-of-the-world-trade-organization-for-africa/)

There is an urgent need to preserve the credibility of the WTO as a forum AND but especially those of smaller size and the least developed countries of Africa.

Algae CP
Jason Pyle (Chief Executive Officer, Sapphire Energy) June 12 2008 “Renewable Fuels And Food Prices,” CQ Congressional Testimony First, let me thank the Committee for its leadership on alternative, renewable fuels AND crops, or other natural resources. Sapphire has turned sunlight into gasoline. Manila Times November 5 2008 “Let’s attend to food security”, http://www.manilatimes.net/national/2008/nov/05/yehey/opinion/20081105opi1.html He tells the world that the economic meltdown now afflicting the globe is gripping ( AND 30 countries and contributed to the fall of at least one elected government. Bernardo V. Lopez September 10 1998 “Global recession phase two: Catastrophic (Private sector views)”, BusinessWorld Certainly, global recession will spawn wars of all kinds. Ethnic wars can easily AND on the use of force and its superiority to get its ways internationally.
 * Text: The United States federal government should amend relevant definitions in the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 to include algae-derived fuels eligible for all tax credits, subsidies, and price supports. **
 * Amending the RFS to include price supports for algae spurs green crude production. This provides clean renewable fuel – solves energy dependence and breaks the food/fuel link **
 * Food/fuel link creates unique risks for escalation – food spikes now exacerbates current economic conditions – causes rampant civil conflict ***gender modified*****
 * Food riots escalate to global war – ignite all regional hot spots **

On-Case Impact Contention
While nuclear weapons exist, there remains a danger that they will be used. AND —destroying agriculture, creating worldwide famine, and generating chaos and destruction.
 * They say nuclear war is impossible, but**
 * Great-power nuclear war’s possible **
 * Wittner 11 **Lawrence Wittner is Professor of History emeritus at SUNY/Albany "Is a Nuclear War With China Possible?" 11/30/2011 [|www.huffingtonpost.com/lawrence-wittner/nuclear-war-china_b_1116556.html]


 * They say miscalc impossible and no escalation, but group those arguments and**
 * Multiple factors ensure escalation **
 * Cirincione, foreign services prof, 6** (Joseph, Prof of Foreign Service at Georgetown University Senior Associate and Director for Non-Proliferation, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace (Joseph, July, Nuclear Proliferation Status, http://units.aps.org/units/fps/newsletters/2006/july/article4.cfm, AG)

Existing regional nuclear tensions already pose serious risks. The decades-long conflict between AND president could prematurely order a nuclear strike based on flawed intelligence.[3]

Starr 12 [Steven Starr - Director of the Clinical Laboratory Science Program at the University of Missouri-Columbia, Associate member of the Nuclear Age Peace Foundation, has been published by the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, his writings appear on the websites of the Nuclear Age Peace Foundation, the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology Center for Arms Control, Energy and Environmental Studies, Scientists for Global Responsibility, and the International Network of Scientists Against Proliferation, “What is nuclear darkness?,” []]
 * They say no extinction but ___**
 * Nuclear war causes extinction **

In a nuclear war, burning cities would create millions of tons of thick, AND animals living at the top of the food chains - including human beings.

On-Case Deadzones

 * Their Carlisle 2K card says dead zones collapse ocean biodiversity, but the card is power – tagged. The card specifically says that only the Gulf of Mexico would suffer from dead zones as a result of corn ethanol.**

And their Craig 03 card doesn’t apply to their aff. The Craig card says AND by the BP oil spill. Their impact has no timeframe or brink.

ITOPF 10 (The International Tanker Owners Federation Limited, February 10, http://www.itopf.com/marine-spills/effects/recovery/,) Marine organisms have varying degrees of natural resilience to changes in their habitats. The AND of the habitat and are functioning normally in terms of biodiversity and productivity.
 * Marine life is resilient – rapid reproduction **

Ridley 10 (Matt, Doctor of Philosophy in Zoology, June 15, http://www.thegwpf.org/the-observatory/1106-matt-ridley-threat-from-ocean-acidification-greatly-exaggerated.html,) Lest my critics still accuse me of cherry-picking studies, let me refer AND latest empirical and theoretical research suggests that the likely impact has been exaggerated.
 * Oceans can easily survive acidification **

On-Case Monoculture

 * Their advantage has no internal link. The Specht 13 card only says corn ethanol hurts the great plain ecosystem, but nowhere in the Specht 13 card or in the Leahy 7 card does it say that specifically the Great Plains biodiversity and ecosystem will cause extinction. The Leahy card says massive ecosystem destruction throughout the world will cause the impact, but their aff only solves for the ecosystem in the Great Plains.**

Julian Simon (world-renowned economist) 19 98 The Ultimate Resource II, []) Starting in the early 1980s I published the above critical analysis of the standard extinction AND to see that the quotations fairly represent the gist of the authors' arguments.)
 * Even conservation biologists agree that species loss is slow and there's no impact **

Thomas Gale Moore 98 (Senior Fellow at the Hoover Institution at Stanford) 1998 Climate of Fear, 98-99 Nevertheless, the loss of a class of living beings does not typically threaten other AND As long as the host remains, so will parasites and symbiotic species.
 * Species loss doesn’t snowball **

On-Case Climate Change
Their Postdam Institute 12 mass starving impact doesn’t have any extinction scenario at all to it so we outweigh. The card also says that the earth’s temperature would have to rise above 3 degrees Celsius for that to happen, but there is no timeframe at all for that impact. And nowhere in the card does it say the whole world will be affected by global warming or even if mass starving will happen.

And cross apply the no-impact biodiversity impact debate from this speech to answer their biodiversity impact.

And on global warming, their own Postdam Institute 12 card says that there is AND the world that emit emissions, so American corn is not the issue.

– cloud feedbacks AND PDO proves*****
 * No anthropogenic warming **
 * Spencer ‘10 – climatologist and a Principal Research Scientist for U. of Alabama [Roy W, Ph.D. in meteorology at the University of Wisconsin-Madison in 1981, former Senior Scientist for Climate Studies at NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center, where he and Dr. John Christy received NASA’s Exceptional Scientific Achievement Medal for their global temperature monitoring work with satellites, “The Great Global Warming Blunder: How Mother Nature Fooled the World's Top Climate Scientists”, pg # below) **


 * IN SCIENCE it only takes only one finding to overturn decades of mainstream belief.**
 * AND**
 * calculated theoretically before being input into climate models. <153-156>**
 * Reader note – PDO = Pacific Decadal Oscillation**

No runaway warming
 * - even high co2 levels not catastrophic **
 * - plant growth checks **
 * - water vapor checks **
 * - negative feedbacks => one degree warming **
 * - their authors exaggerate **
 * Meyer 12 (Warren, “Understanding the Global Warming Debate,” Forbes, 2/9/12, http://www.forbes.com/sites/warrenmeyer/2012/02/09/understanding-the-global-warming-debate/4/) **

Warming won’t cause extinction
 * So what’s the problem? Why the debate? Isn’t this admission a “game**
 * AND**
 * have still measured an upward drift in temperatures over the last 30 years.**
 * – their impacts are alarmism, not supported by experts **
 * Mauldin 6/4 /12 – B.S. and M.S. in electrical engineering from Cal-Berkeley, registered professional engineer (Paul, “Global Warming Alarmism: At the Tipping Point of Credibility?”, []) **


 * If we believe all we're told then there is no hope. Why change anything**
 * AND**
 * We might even see a 'brown' rebound, and that would be tragic.**

Adaptation solves
 * Goklany ‘11 (Dr. Indur, independent scholar who has worked with federal and state governments, think tanks, and the private sector over 35 years, former representative to the IPCC, former Julian Simon Fellow at the Property and Environment Research Center, a visiting fellow the American Enterprise Institute, part of a chapter from “Climate Coup: Global Warmings Invasion of Our Government and Our Lives”, page # below) **


 * It is often argued that unless greenhouse gases are reduced forth with, the resulting**
 * AND**
 * would at most deal with only 13 percent. [182-184]**

No biodiversity loss
 * Carter et al. 11 —lead authors are Robert Carter, Ph.D., Adjunct Research Fellow at James Cook University – AND – Craig Idso, Ph.D., Chairman at the Center for the Study of Carbon Dioxide and Global Change – AND – Fred Singer, Ph.D., President of the Science and Environmental Policy Project; contributing authors are Susan Crockford, Joseph D’Aleo, Indur Goklany, Sherwood Idso, Madhav Khandekar, Anthony Lupo, Willie Soon, and Mitch Taylor (© 2011, Climate Change Reconsidered: 2011 Interim Report, The Heartland Institute, http://www.nipccreport.org/reports/2011/pdf/2011NIPCCinterimreport.pdf)**


 * According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), ―new evidence suggests**
 * AND**
 * well as extensive observational data that contradict the claim of impending species extinctions.**

Too late to stop warming
 * CLICK GREEN 1-7-20 11 (““Unstoppable effects” of climate change will last for 1,000 years,” []) **


 * New research indicates the impact of rising CO2 levels in the Earth's atmosphere will cause**
 * AND**
 * research team explored zero-emissions scenarios beginning in 2010 and in 2100.**

CO2 isn’t key—paleoclimatic data NIPCC 2009 ** (Nongovernmental International Panel on Climate Change, “Climate Change Reconsidered,” June, http://www.nipccreport.org/reports/2009/pdf/CCR2009FullReport.pdf) **
 * Rothman (2002) derived a 500-million-year history of the air’s**
 * AND**
 * totally or partially within periods of time when earth’s climate was relatively cool.**

No extinction – empirics prove NIPCC 11 **. Nongovernmental International Panel on Climate Change. Surviving the unprecedented climate change of the IPCC. 8 March 2011. http://www.nipccreport.org/articles/2011/mar/8mar2011a5.html **


 * In a paper published in Systematics and Biodiversity, Willis et al. (2010**
 * AND**
 * the fossil record indicates remarkable biotic resilience to wide amplitude fluctuations in climate."**

Sugarcane ethanol generates more pollution ** Campbell, Spak, and Carmichael 11 (J. E. Campbell, S.N. Spak, G. R. Carmichael, UI College of Engineering alumni, an assistant professor with joint appointments in the UI Public Policy Center, School of Urban and Regional Planning, and the UI College of Engineering Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, “Sugarcane ethanol in Brazil a substantial pollution source”, Western Farm Press, an industry trade magazine that provides growers and agribusiness with in-depth coverage of the region's major crops plus the legislative, environmental and regulatory issues that affect their businesses, 12/29/11, http://westernfarmpress.com/government/sugarcane-ethanol-brazil-substantial-pollution-source//HZ) University of Iowa researchers and their colleagues have shown that ethanol fuel producers in Brazil AND , and the UI College of Engineering Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering.

Solvency
Specht 13 [Jonathan-J.D. Wash. U St. Louis, Legal Advisor, “Raising Cane: Cuban Sugarcane Ethanol’s Economic and Environmental Effects on the United States,” Environmental Law & Policy Journal, Univ. of California Davis, Vol. 36:2, [] ]
 * Sugar ethanol industry development is super slow---years before they have a chance to solve advantages **

Like all new capitalist industries to emerge in the post-Castro era, whatever AND , which will slow the creation of a sugarcane-based ethanol industry.

=Aff=

Mexico POEs

Advantages:

Outline:

1AC – Solvency
The plan solves – expanding and improving physical border infrastructure is necessary to facilitate cross-border trade. Hutchins 2008

Dwight Hutchins Senior Executive, Global Managing Director, Health Public Service Strategy, Accenture Consulting; M.P.A from the JFK School of Government at Harvard University, M.B.A. Northwestern University, and B.S. in Chemical Engineering from the University of Tennessee. “IMPROVING ECONOMIC OUTCOMES BY REDUCING BORDER DELAYS FACILITATING THE VITAL FLOW OF COMMERCIAL TRAFFIC ACROSS THE U.S.-MEXICO BORDER” This study, commissioned by the Department of Commerce's International Trade Administration, was conducted by Accenture in association with HDR Decision Economics and Crossborder Group Inc. http://shapleigh.org/system/reporting_document/file/487/DRAFT_Reducing_Border_Delays_Findings_and_Options_vFinal_03252008.pdf

An expansion of physical border crossing infrastructure is needed to reduce wait time. Expansion AND cleared trucks) either full time or during known periods of peak demand. Bonner & Rozental 2009
 * The plan facilitates improved US-Mexico cooperation while streamlining ports of entry**

Robert C. Bonner Former Commissioner of U.S. Customs and Border Protection; Former Administrator, Drug Enforcement Administration Andrés Rozental Former Deputy Foreign Minister of Mexico; Former President and Founder Mexican Council on Foreign Relations (COMEXI) “Managing the United States-Mexico Border: Cooperative Solutions to Common Challenges “ Report of the Binational Task Force on the United States-Mexico Border http://www.pacificcouncil.org/document.doc?id=30

The solutions ¶ We believe that that the most effective and efficient way to enhance AND the frontier to assist U.S. ¶ Customs and Border Protection. O’Neil 2013
 * Mexico is a ready and willing partner for border infrastructure improvements, but the United States has to be the first mover – plan would catalyze growth in legal trade**

Shannon O'Neil is Senior Fellow for Latin America Studies at the Council on Foreign Relations (CFR), “Mexico Makes It: A Transformed Society, Economy, and Government” March/April 2013 __Foreign Affairs__ http://www.cfr.org/mexico/mexico-makes/p30098

BORDER BUDDIES Since NAFTA was passed, U.S.-Mexican trade has more AND to boost the United States' exports, jobs, and overall economic growth.

Bonner & Rozental 2009
 * Expanding border crossing would pose no risk to security – minor investments on expediting flows would reap massive economic returns**

Robert C. Bonner Former Commissioner of U.S. Customs and Border Protection; Former Administrator, Drug Enforcement Administration Andrés Rozental Former Deputy Foreign Minister of Mexico; Former President and Founder Mexican Council on Foreign Relations (COMEXI) “Managing the United States-Mexico Border: Cooperative Solutions to Common Challenges “ Report of the Binational Task Force on the United States-Mexico Border http://www.pacificcouncil.org/document.doc?id=30

Congestion at crossing points imposes considerable costs on tourists, commuters, consumers, business AND , at any port of entry, with minimal variation about this average. Wilson 2013
 * Plan solves border security – the majority of illegal immigration and illicit trafficking happens at legitimate POEs**

Christopher E. Wilson Associate at the Mexico Institute of the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars. “Focus immigration security on official border crossings” __Dallas Morning News__ April 11 http://www.dallasnews.com/opinion/latest-columns/20130411-christopher-wilson-focus-immigration-security-on-official-border-crossings.ece?action=reregister

As the senatorial Gang of Eight finalizes its immigration reform bill, it has become AND borders and among federal, state and local government agencies and law enforcement.

1AC – TPP Advantage
Villareal & Fergusson 2013
 * Cooperation on border efficiency is critical to developing a common agenda on trade with Mexico for the Trans Pacific Partnership agreement. **

M. Angeles Villareal Congressional Research Service Specialist in International Trade and Finance; Ian F. Fergusson Congressional Research Service Specialist in International Trade and Finance “NAFTA at 20: Overview and trade effects.” Congressional Research Service. . This article is available at DigitalCommons@ILR: http://digitalcommons.ilr.cornell.edu/key_workplace/1034

The rising number of regional trade agreements throughout the world, in addition to the AND more energy to improving cooperation and enhancing efficiency in cross-border trade. **Only cooperation with Mexico in the TPP will create strong enough incentives for China to join the agreement.** Wilson May 2013

Christopher E. Wilson Associate at the Mexico Institute of the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, where he develops the Institute’s research and programming on regional economic integration and U.S.-Mexico border affairs. “A U.S.-Mexico Economic Alliance: Policy Options for a Competitive Region” in __New Ideas for a New Era: Policy Options for the Next Stage in U.S.-Mexico Relations__ Woodrow Wilson Center Mexico Institute Print Edition, []

The United States and Mexico are among the most open economies in the world, AND . gets ready to begin negotiating a trade agreement with the European Union.

**If the TPP excludes China, the pivot to Asia will be perceived as containment and create US-China conflict in Asia.** Kissinger, 2012 Henry A. A recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize, he served as National Security Advisor and later concurrently as Secretary of State in the administrations of Presidents Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford. "The Future of US–Chinese Relations." Foreign Affairs 91.2 (2012): 44-5.

The current world order was built largely without Chinese participation, and hence China sometimes AND -sum issues, such as territory and security, may grow insurmountable.

**A confrontational US-China relationship causes major power war.** Ratner, 2013 Dr. Ely Ratner is the Deputy Director of the Asia-Pacific Security Program at the Center for a New American Security. Dr. Ratner recently served in the Office of Chinese and Mongolian Affairs at the State Department as the lead political officer covering China’s external relations in Asia. "Rebalancing to Asia with an Insecure China." The Washington Quarterly 36.2 (2013): 21-38.

China's foreign policies have for decades reflected the principles of biding time, pursuing a AND —are chief among the tasks of U.S. China policy.

Goldstein 2013 First Things First The Pressing Danger of Crisis Instability in U.S.-China Relations Avery Goldstein is the David M. Knott Professor of Global Politics and International Relations, Director of the Center for the Study of Contemporary China, and Associate Director of the Christopher H. Browne Center for International Politics at the University of Pennsylvania. International Security, Vol. 37, No. 4 (Spring 2013), pp. 49–89
 * War between China and the US would go nuclear. **

For at least the next decade, the advantage of the United States in terms AND -American crisis will render all speculation about the long term tragically moot.

1AC- North American Integration
Clarkson & Mildenberger ‘11 Stephen Clarkson, professor of political economy, University of Toronto, and former fellow, Woodrow Wilson Center Matto Mildenberger, Ph.D. student, Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies Dependent America?: How Canada and Mexico Construct Us Power p. 272
 * North American regional economic strength is vulnerable. A breakdown of cooperation with Mexico would cause the decline of American power. **

The United States’ relationship with Canada and Mexico thus presents a paradox. Does North AND most valuable and easily cultivated foreign asset accelerated its self-induced fall.

Zamora 2011
 * The plan solves, Cooperation between the US and Mexico creates North American regional integration and stability. **

Stephen Zamora Leonard B. Rosenberg Professor of Law, University of Houston Law Center. Villanova Law Review 2011 Villanova Law Review 56 Vill. L. Rev. 631 RETHINKING NORTH AMERICA: WHY NAFTA'S LAISSEZ FAIRE APPROACH TO INTEGRATION IS FLAWED, AND WHAT TO DO ABOUT IT Lexis

As already noted, the NAFTA governments did not stress that there was a geopolitical AND areas as migration and labor disputes, climate changes, and energy. n82 Peters, 09 – Enrique Dussel, professor at the Graduate School of Economics, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (“Manufacturing Competitiveness: Toward a Regional Development Agenda,” The Future of North American Trade Policy: Lessons from NAFTA, Pardee Center, November 2009, http://www.ase.tufts.edu/gdae/Pubs/rp/PardeeNAFTACh2PetersManufNov09.pdf)
 * Cooperation key to regional integration **

One of the Mexican government’s goals in signing NAFTA was to expand its manufacturing sector AND little sustained attention to socioeconomic, infrastructure, and other regional development issues.

Rubio 2013
 * Mexico’s economic stability is the crucial factor in determining the success of North America as a trade region. **

Luis Rubio is director general of CIDAC (Center of Research for Development), an independent research institution devoted to the study of economic and political policy issues. He is a prolific writer on political, economic and international subjects. Before joining CIDAC, in the 1970's he was planning director of Citibank in Mexico and served as an adviser to Mexico's Secretary of the Treasury. He holds a diploma in Financial Management and his MA and PhD in political science are from Brandeis University. “Mexico Matters: Change in Mexico and Its Impact Upon the United States” Wilson Center April 12 http://wilsoncenter.org/sites/default/files/rubio_mexico_matters.pdf

Mexico’s stability is crucial for the U.S. Although the alleged spillover of AND and issues will strongly influence the way the U.S. evolves. . Pastor 2012
 * Growing a strong US-Mexican relationship is a prerequisite to continued US power projection and supremacy.**

Robert A. Pastor is professor and director of the Center for North American Studies at American University. Pastor served as National Security Advisor on Latin America during the Carter Administration. “Beyond the Continental Divide” From the July/August 2012 issue of __The American Interest__ http://www.the-american-interest.com/article.cfm?piece=1269

Most Americans think that the largest markets for U.S. exports are China AND be vastly beneficial. We don’t seem ready to recognize that truth either. Brooks, Ikenberry, and Wohlforth ’13 (Stephen, Associate Professor of Government at Dartmouth College, John Ikenberry is the Albert G. Milbank Professor of Politics and International Affairs at Princeton University, William C. Wohlforth is the Daniel Webster Professor in the Department of Government at Dartmouth College “Don’t Come Home America: The Case Against Retrenchment,” International Security, Vol. 37, No. 3 (Winter 2012/13), pp. 7–51)
 * Loss of American power projection capacity causes global war.**

A core premise of deep engagement is that it prevents the emergence of a far AND that of potential rivals is by many measures growing rather than shrinking. 85

**North American integration key to solve democracy, disease, and the environment** Céspedes ‘8 – Diplomat in Residence, School of International Service and Senior Fellow,Center for North American Studies Ernesto, North America, Security, and the Next US¶ National Security Strategy:¶ A Reflection, April 29, [], CMR

Under the topic “Working with others in defusing regional conflicts”, Mexico and¶ AND the Security and Prosperity Partnership for North America from 2005¶ and on. **Democracy solves extinction** Diamond 95, prof of pol sci,—prof of political science and sociology, Stanford. Senior research fellow at Hoover. (Larry, Promoting Democracy in the 1990s, http://wwwics.si.edu/subsites/ccpdc/pubs/di/1.html) Nuclear, chemical, and biological weapons continue to proliferate. The very source of AND their own citizens, who organize to protest the destruction of their environments. **Pandemic disease causes extinction**
 * Yu 9—** Dartmouth Undergraduate Journal of Science (Victoria, Human Extinction: The Uncertainty of Our Fate, 22 May 2009, http://dujs.dartmouth.edu/spring-2009/human-extinction-the-uncertainty-of-our-fate, AMiles)

A pandemic will kill off all humans. In the past, humans have indeed AND could only infect birds — into a human-viable strain (10). **Environmental collapse causes extinction** CASBRC 1 (California Academy of Sciences Biodiversity Resource Center, “Threats To Biodiversity”, http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/library/biodiv/biodiversity_defined.html)

Currently, more than 10,000 species become extinct each year and while precise AND expertise, it is now, in this time of rapid environmental erosion.

1AC - Global Supply Chains Adv
Blank & Lee 2009
 * We on the verge of a perfect storm due to border congestion that will choke North American supply chains and devastate manufacturing. **

Transportation infrastructure and competitiveness (revision July 1, 2009) Report prepared for the Woodrow Wilson Center Mexico Institute and El Colegio de la Frontera Norte research project, “The U.S.-Mexico Border: A Discussion on Sub-National Policy Options” By Stephen Blank and Erik Lee

The North American economy can best be visualized in the early 21st century as a AND /11 had not occurred, trade would be choked at the border."

Ed Gerwin 2013 Senior Fellow for Trade and Global Economic Policy for the Third Way Economic Program | MARCH 2013 Rooting for Canada and Mexico in the TPP []
 * The plan is a key model for facilitating border efficiency and reducing supply chain costs. **

North America’s shared production is deep and extensive. Cars co-produced by Canada AND America’s integrated economies to business opportunities in the Asia-Pacific region. 25 **US-Mexico border policy is the model for the world – the status quo push for hard borders will spread and fail without the plan.** Papademetriou, Meissner, & Sohnen May 2013

Demetrios G. Papademetriou is President and Co-Founder of the Migration Policy Institute (MPI), a Washington-based think tank dedicated exclusively to the study of international migration ; Doris Meissner, former Commissioner of the US Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS), is a Senior Fellow at MPI, where she directs the Institute’s US immigration policy work. Eleanor Sohnen is a Policy Analyst at the Migration Policy Institute, where she works for the Regional Migration Study Group. Ms. Sohnen previously served as a consultant to the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) “Thinking Regionally to Compete Globally: Leveraging Migration and Human Capital in the U.S., Mexico, and Central America” Migration Policy Institute and the Wilson Center. []

14. Border security between and among Mexico and the Northern Triangle of Central AND from the United States will push the policy envelope toward ever harder borders. World Economic Forum 2013 February 13,. Enabling Trade: Valuing Growth Opportunities A World Economic Forum report in collaboration with Bain & Company and the World Bank http://www.weforum.org/ reports/enabling-trade-valuing-growth-opportunities.
 * Reducing supply chain barriers globally is the most important and effective way to stimulate the global economy. **

Reducing supply chain barriers to trade could increase GDP by nearly 5% and trade AND resources to more productive industries and firms, thereby increasing productivity and wages.

=Neg - Rd 1. v. NAIF=

1NC Topicality Economic Engagement
Woolcock 13 – Stephen Woolcock, Lecturer in International Relations at The London School of Economics, and Sir Nicholas Bayne, Fellow at the International Trade Policy Unit of the London School of Economics, The Oxford Handbook of Modern Diplomacy, p. 387
 * 1 Interpretation Economic Engagement must create economic agreements and cooperation between states - Facilitating trade through investment makes the plan “commercial” and not economic.**

Before suggesting some ways in which economic diplomacy could be seen as a distinct branch AND of rules and disciplines within which markets and such commercial diplomacy function.4


 * 2. Violation the affirmative simply promotes investment and trade which is commercial engagement.**
 * 3. Reasons to vote negative –**
 * A. Limits – Commercial engagement means that affs that develop exports, Foreign Investment, tech sharing and tourism are all topical – makes it impossible to research gutting fairness**
 * B. Ground – Core negative disad ground is based on economic engagement – allowing commercial engagement means the negative never has a core DA to read – makes educational debate impossible**


 * 4. Topicality is a Voting Issue and should be evaluated in terms of which team has the best interpretation.**

TPA Politics DA

 * Congress will pass trade promotion authority for Obama now, despite partisanship on other issues.**

Barfield 7/3/13 Claude Barfield is a Resident Scholar at AEI and a former consultant to the office of the US Trade Representative, July 3, 2013, “On trade, Republicans have Speaker Boehner’s back” http://www.aei-ideas.org/2013/07/on-trade-republicans-have-speaker-boehners-back/

John Boehner still has much to fear from the rambunctious younger cohorts of his Republican AND scrambling for votes, as was the case recently with the agriculture bill.

Farnsworth 12 – VP of the Council of the Americas and Americas Society (Eric, “The United States and Mexico: The Path Forward”, Nov 30, [], CMR)
 * Engaging Mexico drains PC**

The election of Enrique Peña Nieto and the re-election of President Obama mean that the U.S.-Mexican relationship has a unique opportunity to grow closer and bring numerous benefits to both sides of the border. To fully appreciate this unique opportunity, both sides must invest //political capital// and be prepared to engage domestic public opinion when it comes to //explaining// why our countries are united by much more than a fence.
 * Internal Link - Obama’s capital is critical to passing Trade promotion authority.**

Politi, 5/20/13 James. Financial Times [London (UK)] 20 May 2013 Financial Times US economics and trade correspondent “US business keen to promote 'fast track' trade deals: Political debate” Proquest

A campaign has been launched to 'educate' legislators on the benefits involved, writes, AND though TPP is more contentious especially after the announcement that Japan would accede.

Jeffrey Schott 6/14/13 Senior Fellow, Peterson Institute for International Economics Payoff from the World Trade Agenda Peterson Institute for International Economics, Washington, DC June 14, 2013 http://www.piie.com/publications/papers/transcript-20130614.pdf
 * Impact Passing TPA is critical to the future viability of the WTO – which will collapse now.**

Now, what are the prospects for Bali? Well, they’re not so good AND bigger WTO package that would be pulled together and accelerated negotiations post Bali.


 * WTO credibility key to cooperation – fosters peace and solves conflict**
 * Blanco 2013** (Herminio Blanco, AllAfrica Staff Writer, 4-29-13, “The relevance of the World Trade Organization for Africa”, http://www.tralac.org/2013/04/29/the-relevance-of-the-world-trade-organization-for-africa/)

There is an urgent need to preserve the credibility of the WTO as a forum AND but especially those of smaller size and the least developed countries of Africa.

Renewables 1NC
Krauss and Malkin ’10 (“Mexico Oil Politics Keeps Riches Just Out of Reach” New York Times, Clifford Krauss and Elisabeth Malkin, March 8, 2010 http://www.nytimes.com/2010/03/09/business/global/09pemex.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0) In all, Mexican oil output has dropped from just short of 3.5 AND in Chicontepec. “The problem is getting it out of the ground.” American Council On Renewable Energy ( ACORE ), California Clean Energy Fund (CalCEF), and Climate Policy Initiative 6/25 (ACORE, a 501(c)(3) non-profit membership organization, is dedicated to building a secure and prosperous America with clean, renewable energy. ACORE provides a common educational platform for a wide range of interests in the renewable energy community, focusing on technology, finance and policy. We convene thought leadership forums and create energy industry partnerships to communicate the economic, security and environmental benefits of renewable energy. Founded in 2004, the California Clean Energy Fund (CalCEF) is a family of non-profit organizations working together to accelerate the movement of clean energy technologies along the continuum from innovation to infrastructure. Using tools from finance, public policy and technological innovation, CalCEF pursues these goals at the local, state and national levels via three affiliated entities: CalCEF Ventures, an evergreen investment fund; CalCEF Innovations, which leads CalCEF’s analysis and solutions development; and CalCEF Catalyst, an industry acceleration platform. Climate Policy Initiative is an analysis and advisory organization that works to improve the most important energy and land use policies in the world. An independent, not-for-profit organization supported in part by a grant from the Open Society Foundations, CPI has offices and programs in Brazil, China, Europe, India, Indonesia, and the United States. “Strategies to Scale-Up U.S. Renewable Energy Investment” http://www.oregonwave.org/wp-content/uploads/Strategies-to-Scale-Up-US-Renewable-Energy-Investment.pdf)
 * A. Uniqueness – Mexico’s oil production is tanking**
 * And, Renewable Energy is winning the investment race**

Private sector investment in the U.S. renewable energy sector has grown significantly AND to produce more of the energy we consume here in the United States. Krauss and Malkin ’10 (“Mexico Oil Politics Keeps Riches Just Out of Reach” New York Times, Clifford Krauss and Elisabeth Malkin, March 8, 2010 http://www.nytimes.com/2010/03/09/business/global/09pemex.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0) To the Mexican people, one of the great achievements in their history was AND an embarrassing disaster for Pemex, the latest in a string of them.
 * B. Link – Expanded US/Mexico cooperation increases our dependence on Oil**

CBO, 2012 (Congressional Budget Office, “Energy Security in the United States”, May, http://www.cbo.gov/sites/default/files/cbofiles/attachments/05-09-EnergySecurity.pdf)
 * C. Internal Link – Reliance on oil production crushes the transition to renewables**

Even if world oil prices declined as a result of increased U.S. AND the vulnerability of most consumers to disruptions in oil markets largely unchanged.38
 * D. Impact – Renewable Transition is critical to solve global warming **
 * Leahy, ’11 ** (Stephen, Independent environmental journalist for 16 years, “Permafrost Melt Soon Irreversible Without Major Fossil Fuel Cuts”, Feb 21, http://www.countercurrents.org/leahy210911.htm)

UXBRIDGE - Thawing permafrost is threatening to overwhelm attempts to keep the planet from getting AND future, but we must start now," Leape said in a statement. Speth 2008 [James, dean of the Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies at Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut. Currently he serves the school as the Carl W. Knobloch, Jr. Dean and Sara Shallenberger Brown Professor in the Practice of Environmental Policy, The Bridge @ the Edge of the World, pg. 26]
 * And, Positive feedbacks ensure runaway warming, causes extinction**

The possibility of abrupt climate change is linked to what may be the most problematic AND and the trip will exterminate a large fraction of species on the planet.

1NC - Energy Adv Frontline

 * 1. Shale Gas solves Oil Dependence in the Status Quo.**

Krauss, 2012 (Clifford, national business correspondent based in Houston, covering energy, “Energy Independence in the United States” New York Times, http://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/14/business/energy-environment/energy-independence-in-america-would-not-be-fully-independent.html?_r=0, LL)

EVER since the Arab oil embargoes in the 1960s and 1970s, American presidents have AND it’s better that it be our oil rather than from the Middle East.


 * 2. Domestic oil production is developing now – the status quo solves.**

Domm, 2013 (Patti, CNBC Executive News Editor, “US Is on Fast-Track to Energy Independence: Study” CNBC, http://www.cnbc.com/id/100450133, LL)

U.S. oil and gas production is evolving so rapidly—and demand AND he's had some "push back but not as much as last year."

Duffy 12 Aimee, “Busting the Myth of Energy Independence”, Aug 28, [], CMR
 * 3. Can’t solve dependence on the Middle East – it’s a global market.**

The global marketplace ¶ Even if we were to accept these three assumptions, there AND likelihood that we will continue to turn to foreign sources in the future. Duffy 12 Aimee, “Busting the Myth of Energy Independence”, Aug 28, [], CMR
 * 4. Mexico can’t be a major producer of oil --- too many barriers, lack of interest**

Assumption No. 2: Everything is fine in Mexico ¶ To put it simply AND it seems foolish to rely on the country for an increase in imports.

O’Sullivan 13 (Meghan, professor at Harvard University’s Kennedy School of Government and former deputy national security adviser in the George W. Bush administration, ’Energy Independence’ Alone Won’t Boost U.S. Power, Feb 14, [], CMR)
 * 5. No solvency - Energy independence won’t solve US vulnerability in the middle east.**

Still, despite all this good news, the U.S. energy boom AND it was when Uncle Sam secured much of its oil from Saudi Arabia.

Graeber 13 Daniel J. Graeber, “U.S. Energy Independence Weakens its Power”, May 15, [], CMR
 * Turn: Energy independence crushes interdependence – turns hegemony**

Some political theorists speculate that retracting from the foreign market could be costly. Walter AND same geopolitical influence over global markets that OPEC members did in the 1970s.

1NC – North America Adv Frontline
WSJ 5/2/ 13 (“Statement: U.S., Mexico Stress Greater Cooperation”, [], CMR)
 * 1. No solvency-Regional cooperation high now – multiple indicators**

Economic Competitiveness¶ Underpinning our successful United States-Mexico economic relationship are trade and AND their interest in maintaining close coordination with regards to other relevant trade negotiations. Economist 11 (“The push for deeper ties peters out”, Feb 24, [], CMR)
 * 2. No solvency- Full integration impossible --- too many barriers**

WHEN Canada, Mexico and the United States implemented the North American Free-Trade AND the next North American summit will probably prove just as difficult to schedule. Field 12 (Alan M, “Will protectionist murmurs deter efforts to forge even closer economic integration”, July 5, [|http://www.canadiansailings.ca/?p=4319#sthash.EBghHG0k.dpuf], CMR)
 * 3. Turn- The plan causes a huge protectionist backlash**

Although current NAFTA provisions for labour are “archaic,” said Ms. Greenwood, AND – and yet equally challenged by competition from other regions of the world. O’Brien 8 (Dan, Senior Editor – Economic Intelligence Unit, “Our Vested Interest in a McCain Win”, Sunday Business Post, 11-2, [], CMR)
 * 4. That will force Obama to bash NAFTA – turns case**

Anti-globalisation sentiment is widespread in the Democratic Party, which has traditionally been AND North American Free Trade Agreement. Obama may not be able to resist.

Rachman 11 (Gideon Rachman, Financial Times chief foreign affairs commentator, Zero-Sum Future, 2011, pp 3-4)
 * 5. The Unipolar Moment is over and can’t be recovered - Even if the United States is the preeminent power, the financial crash of 08 means that they won’t be able to prevent competition**

But the economic crisis that struck the world in 2008 has changed the logic of AND the "unipolar moment" that began with the collapse of the Soviet Union
 * 6. Heg doesn’t solve war – No threats require primacy and other factors ensure security.**

Friedman and Preble 10 (Benjamin Friedman is a research fellow in defense and homeland security studies at the Cato Institute, Christopher Preble is director of foreign policy studies at the Cato Institute, Budgetary Savings from Military Restraint, September 22, 2010 Cato Policy Analysis No. 667 September 23, 2010 []

The United States confuses what it wants from its military, which is global primacy AND resentment. Global military primacy is a game not worth the candle.56
 * 7. Decline wouldn’t cause war – states have an incentive to avoid it.**

Zakaria 08 (Fareed Zakaria, editor of Newsweek International, 2008, The Post-American World, p. 244)

In certain areas – the South China Sea, for example – U.S AND futile and unnecessary. Small work-arounds might be just as effective.

1NC – Solvency Frontline
O’Neil 4/29/13
 * No Solvency – Mexico says no - the new Nieto administration in Mexico is less likely to cooperate with the US.**

Shannon O'Neil is Senior Fellow for Latin America Studies at the Council on Foreign Relations (CFR), an independent, nonpartisan membership organization, think tank, and publisher. She holds a BA from Yale University, an MA in International Relations from Yale University, and a PhD in Government from Harvard University. “Obama Heads to Mexico” __Latin America’s Moment__ http://blogs.cfr.org/oneil/2013/04/29/obama-heads-to-mexico/

Yet no less important for the two neighbors is security. Under Felipe Calderón’s administration AND States on a day-to-day basis as much as Mexico. Hufbauer & Scott ‘5 Reginald Jones Senior Fellow since ’92, was the Marcus Wallenberg Professor of Int’l Finance Diplomacy @ Georgetown University, AND Jeffrey J, senior fellow, joined the Inst for Int’l Economic in ’83, visiting lecturer @ Princeton, “NAFTA Revisited: Achievements and Challenges”, page number below
 * Plan fails and will be rejected – internal reform is a pre-requisite to investment**

To generate significant sums required for such investments, Mexico will need to attract both AND first willing to tap its own resources. [page 472-473] Pastor 12 – prof and director of the Center for North American Studies @ American Robert A, Beyond the Continental Divide, July/August, [], CMR
 * No chance the plan solves – only trilateral cooperation with Canada can ensure successful integration**

The problem is that our leaders do not think continentally. As long as they AND our three great countries, but only if we first see the possibility. Pastor 13 – Professor and Director of the Center for North American Studies at American University (Robert A, “Speed Bumps, Potholes, and Roadblocks on the North American Superhighway”, Winter, Lexis, CMR)
 * Plan won’t secure long-term investment – countries not convinced of benefits**

None of the many proposals that have been advanced for the region can be achieved AND wider Community that could attract the support of the people and their legislatures.

Neg Rd 4

**Cap K**

**Petras 10**, (Prof. James Petras, Professor of Sociology at Binghamton University, 12/2/10, “Latin America’s Twenty First Century Capitalism and the US Empire”, 7/5/13 SS, http://www.globalresearch.ca/latin-america-s-twenty-first-century-capitalism-and-the-us-empire/22223)
 * The 1AC’s hegemonic use of the USFG to engage Latin America promotes capitalism**

Lumpen capitalism develops a dynamic of its own, independent of its role as an AND first century capitalists are leading the way to further decline in imperial power.

(Mark Carey, assistant professor of history at Washington and Lee University where he teaches Latin American and environmental history. He won the 2008 ¶ Leopold-Hidy Prize for his article, "The History of Ice: How Glaciers Became an ¶ Endangered Species (Environmental History, July 2007), April 2009, “Latin American Environmental History: Current Trends, Interdisciplinary Insights, and¶ Future Directions”, Jstor, 7/6/13 SS, http://www.jstor.org/stable/40608469)
 * The economic imbalances of societies are at the heart of environmental destruction and warfare, be skeptical of “natural” disasters, they exist as results of exploitation rather than divine happenings**
 * Carey 09**

DISASTER SCHOLARS ARE AMONG the most prominent to blur nature-culture ¶ dichotomies, AND the fundamentals ¶ of social history- inherent in past human-environment interactions’

**Aparicio and Blaser ’08** (Juan Ricardo Aparicio, Associate Professor of Languages and Sociocultural Studies at the University of the Andes, Phd. In Anthropology from University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and Mario Blaser, professor of Anthropology at University of California, Davis, “The ‘Lettered City’ and the Insurrection of Subjugated Knowledges in Latin America, Anthropological Quarterly, Vol. 81, No. 1 (Winter ’08), JSTOR http://www.jstor.org/stable/30052740 SM)
 * Reject the aff, thus creating space and allowing for the germination of alternative politics**

The rejection of the modern state and capitalist market as organizing vectors of social life AND by performing the principles of the communal system as best as they can.

**Renewables 1NC** **Krauss and Malkin ’10** (“Mexico Oil Politics Keeps Riches Just Out of Reach” New York Times, Clifford Krauss and Elisabeth Malkin, March 8, 2010 http://www.nytimes.com/2010/03/09/business/global/09pemex.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0) In all, Mexican oil output has dropped from just short of 3.5 AND in Chicontepec. “The problem is getting it out of the ground.”
 * A. Uniqueness – Mexico’s oil production is tanking**

American Council On Renewable Energy ( **ACORE** ),California Clean Energy Fund (CalCEF), **and Climate Policy Initiative 6/25** (ACORE, a 501(c)(3) non-profit membership organization, is dedicated to building a secure and prosperous America with clean, renewable energy. ACORE provides a common educational platform for a wide range of interests in the renewable energy community, focusing on technology, finance and policy. We convene thought leadership forums and create energy industry partnerships to communicate the economic, security and environmental benefits of renewable energy. Founded in 2004, the California Clean Energy Fund (CalCEF) is a family of non-profit organizations working together to accelerate the movement of clean energy technologies along the continuum from innovation to infrastructure. Using tools from finance, public policy and technological innovation, CalCEF pursues these goals at the local, state and national levels via three affiliated entities: CalCEF Ventures, an evergreen investment fund; CalCEF Innovations, which leads CalCEF’s analysis and solutions development; and CalCEF Catalyst, an industry acceleration platform. Climate Policy Initiative is an analysis and advisory organization that works to improve the most important energy and land use policies in the world. An independent, not-for-profit organization supported in part by a grant from the Open Society Foundations, CPI has offices and programs in Brazil, China, Europe, India, Indonesia, and the United States. “Strategies to Scale-Up U.S. Renewable Energy Investment” http://www.oregonwave.org/wp-content/uploads/Strategies-to-Scale-Up-US-Renewable-Energy-Investment.pdf)
 * And, Renewable Energy is winning the investment race**

Private sector investment in the U.S. renewable energy sector has grown significantly AND to produce more of the energy we consume here in the United States. **Krauss and Malkin ’10** (“Mexico Oil Politics Keeps Riches Just Out of Reach” New York Times, Clifford Krauss and Elisabeth Malkin, March 8, 2010 http://www.nytimes.com/2010/03/09/business/global/09pemex.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0) To the Mexican people, one of the great achievements in their history was AND an embarrassing disaster for Pemex, the latest in a string of them.
 * B. Link – Expanded US/Mexico cooperation increases our dependence on Oil**

**CBO, 2012** (Congressional Budget Office, “Energy Security in the United States”, May, http://www.cbo.gov/sites/default/files/cbofiles/attachments/05-09-EnergySecurity.pdf)
 * C. Internal Link – Reliance on oil production crushes the transition to renewables**

Even if world oil prices declined as a result of increased U.S. AND the vulnerability of most consumers to disruptions in oil markets largely unchanged.38 **Leahy, ’11** (Stephen, Independent environmental journalist for 16 years, “Permafrost Melt Soon Irreversible Without Major Fossil Fuel Cuts”, Feb 21, http://www.countercurrents.org/leahy210911.htm) UXBRIDGE - Thawing permafrost is threatening to overwhelm attempts to keep the planet from getting AND future, but we must start now," Leape said in a statement. **Speth 2008** [James, dean of the Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies at Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut. Currently he serves the school as the Carl W. Knobloch, Jr. Dean and Sara Shallenberger Brown Professor in the Practice of Environmental Policy, The Bridge @ the Edge of the World, pg. 26]
 * D. Impact – Renewable Transition is critical to solve global warming**
 * And, Positive feedbacks ensure runaway warming, causes extinction**

The possibility of abrupt climate change is linked to what may be the most problematic AND and the trip will exterminate a large fraction of species on the planet. **1NC – North America Adv Frontline**

**Economist 11** (“The push for deeper ties peters out”, Feb 24, [], CMR)
 * No solvency- Full integration impossible --- too many barriers**

WHEN Canada, Mexico and the United States implemented the North American Free-Trade AND the next North American summit will probably prove just as difficult to schedule. **Field 12** (Alan M, “Will protectionist murmurs deter efforts to forge even closer economic integration”, July 5, [|http://www.canadiansailings.ca/?p=4319#sthash.EBghHG0k.dpuf], CMR)
 * Turn- The plan causes a huge protectionist backlash**

Although current NAFTA provisions for labour are “archaic,” said Ms. Greenwood, AND – and yet equally challenged by competition from other regions of the world. **O’Brien 8** (Dan, Senior Editor – Economic Intelligence Unit, “Our Vested Interest in a McCain Win”, Sunday Business Post, 11-2, [], CMR)
 * That will force Obama to bash NAFTA – turns case**

Anti-globalisation sentiment is widespread in the Democratic Party, which has traditionally been AND North American Free Trade Agreement. Obama may not be able to resist.


 * Heg doesn’t solve war – No threats require primacy and other factors ensure security.**

**Friedman and Preble 10** (Benjamin Friedman is a research fellow in defense and homeland security studies at the Cato Institute, Christopher Preble is director of foreign policy studies at the Cato Institute, Budgetary Savings from Military Restraint, September 22, 2010 Cato Policy Analysis No. 667 September 23, 2010 []

The United States confuses what it wants from its military, which is global primacy AND resentment. Global military primacy is a game not worth the candle.56 **1NC - Energy Adv Frontline**
 * Domestic oil production is developing now – the status quo solves.**

**Domm, 2013 (Patti, CNBC Executive News Editor, “US Is on Fast-Track to Energy Independence: Study” CNBC, http://www.cnbc.com/id/100450133, LL)**

U.S. oil and gas production is evolving so rapidly—and demand AND he's had some "push back but not as much as last year."

**Duffy 12** Aimee, “Busting the Myth of Energy Independence”, Aug 28, [], CMR
 * Can’t solve dependence on the Middle East – it’s a global market.**

The global marketplace ¶ Even if we were to accept these three assumptions, there AND likelihood that we will continue to turn to foreign sources in the future. **Duffy 12** Aimee, “Busting the Myth of Energy Independence”, Aug 28, [], CMR
 * Mexico can’t be a major producer of oil --- too many barriers, lack of interest**

Assumption No. 2: Everything is fine in Mexico ¶ To put it simply AND it seems foolish to rely on the country for an increase in imports.

**O’Sullivan 13** (Meghan, professor at Harvard University’s Kennedy School of Government and former deputy national security adviser in the George W. Bush administration, ’Energy Independence’ Alone Won’t Boost U.S. Power, Feb 14, [], CMR)
 * No solvency - Energy independence won’t solve US vulnerability in the middle east.**

Still, despite all this good news, the U.S. energy boom AND it was when Uncle Sam secured much of its oil from Saudi Arabia.

**INC – Illegal Immigration**

**Muskal 12/6** /12 (Michael, “Illegal immigration to U.S. stays down, Pew's latest numbers show”, [], CMR)
 * Illegal immigration from Mexico declining**

There are about 11.1 million unauthorized immigrants living in the United States, AND 000, and the majority arrived legally, according to the center’s estimates.

**Hanson 07** ( Gordon, Professor Hanson holds the Pacific Economic Cooperation Chair in International Economic Relations at UC San Diego in a report to the COUNCIL ON FOREIGN RELATIONS, “The Economic¶ Logic of Illegal¶ Immigration,” ME) This analysis concludes that there is little evidence that legal immigration is¶ economically preferable AND between jobs,¶ limiting their benefit to the U.S. economy.
 * Illegals are better for the economy than legal immigrants**

**Plumer 13** (Brad, “Graph of the Day: Illegal immigration has slowed since 2007”, Jan 28, [], CMR)
 * Trend for illegal immigration is negative – especially for Mexico**

So how many people would that affect? At the moment, there are roughly AND a return to the levels of Mexican unauthorized immigration of a decade ago.”

**1NC – Solvency Frontline** **O’Neil 4/29/13**
 * No Solvency – Mexico says no - the new Nieto administration in Mexico is less likely to cooperate with the US** **.**

Shannon O'Neil is Senior Fellow for Latin America Studies at the Council on Foreign Relations (CFR), an independent, nonpartisan membership organization, think tank, and publisher. She holds a BA from Yale University, an MA in International Relations from Yale University, and a PhD in Government from Harvard University. “Obama Heads to Mexico” Latin America’s Moment http://blogs.cfr.org/oneil/2013/04/29/obama-heads-to-mexico/

Yet no less important for the two neighbors is security. Under Felipe Calderón’s administration AND States on a day-to-day basis as much as Mexico. **Hufbauer & Scott ‘5** Reginald Jones Senior Fellow since ’92, was the Marcus Wallenberg Professor of Int’l Finance Diplomacy @ Georgetown University, AND Jeffrey J, senior fellow, joined the Inst for Int’l Economic in ’83, visiting lecturer @ Princeton, “NAFTA Revisited: Achievements and Challenges”, page number below
 * Plan fails and will be rejected – internal reform is a pre-requisite to investment**

To generate significant sums required for such investments, Mexico will need to attract both AND first willing to tap its own resources. [page 472-473] **Pastor 12 – prof and director of the Center for North American Studies @ American** Robert A, Beyond the Continental Divide, July/August, [], CMR
 * No chance the plan solves – only trilateral cooperation with Canada can ensure successful integration**

The problem is that our leaders do not think continentally. As long as they AND our three great countries, but only if we first see the possibility.

**Cap K**

**Petras 10**, (Prof. James Petras, Professor of Sociology at Binghamton University, 12/2/10, “Latin America’s Twenty First Century Capitalism and the US Empire”, 7/5/13 SS, http://www.globalresearch.ca/latin-america-s-twenty-first-century-capitalism-and-the-us-empire/22223)
 * The 1AC’s hegemonic use of the USFG to engage Latin America promotes capitalism**

Lumpen capitalism develops a dynamic of its own, independent of its role as an AND first century capitalists are leading the way to further decline in imperial power.

(Mark Carey, assistant professor of history at Washington and Lee University where he teaches Latin American and environmental history. He won the 2008 ¶ Leopold-Hidy Prize for his article, "The History of Ice: How Glaciers Became an ¶ Endangered Species (Environmental History, July 2007), April 2009, “Latin American Environmental History: Current Trends, Interdisciplinary Insights, and¶ Future Directions”, Jstor, 7/6/13 SS, http://www.jstor.org/stable/40608469)
 * The economic imbalances of societies are at the heart of environmental destruction and warfare, be skeptical of “natural” disasters, they exist as results of exploitation rather than divine happenings**
 * Carey 09**

DISASTER SCHOLARS ARE AMONG the most prominent to blur nature-culture ¶ dichotomies, AND the fundamentals ¶ of social history- inherent in past human-environment interactions’

**Aparicio and Blaser ’08** (Juan Ricardo Aparicio, Associate Professor of Languages and Sociocultural Studies at the University of the Andes, Phd. In Anthropology from University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and Mario Blaser, professor of Anthropology at University of California, Davis, “The ‘Lettered City’ and the Insurrection of Subjugated Knowledges in Latin America, Anthropological Quarterly, Vol. 81, No. 1 (Winter ’08), JSTOR http://www.jstor.org/stable/30052740 SM)
 * Reject the aff, thus creating space and allowing for the germination of alternative politics**

The rejection of the modern state and capitalist market as organizing vectors of social life AND by performing the principles of the communal system as best as they can.

**Renewables 1NC** **Krauss and Malkin ’10** (“Mexico Oil Politics Keeps Riches Just Out of Reach” New York Times, Clifford Krauss and Elisabeth Malkin, March 8, 2010 http://www.nytimes.com/2010/03/09/business/global/09pemex.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0) In all, Mexican oil output has dropped from just short of 3.5 AND in Chicontepec. “The problem is getting it out of the ground.”
 * A. Uniqueness – Mexico’s oil production is tanking**

American Council On Renewable Energy ( **ACORE** ),California Clean Energy Fund (CalCEF), **and Climate Policy Initiative 6/25** (ACORE, a 501(c)(3) non-profit membership organization, is dedicated to building a secure and prosperous America with clean, renewable energy. ACORE provides a common educational platform for a wide range of interests in the renewable energy community, focusing on technology, finance and policy. We convene thought leadership forums and create energy industry partnerships to communicate the economic, security and environmental benefits of renewable energy. Founded in 2004, the California Clean Energy Fund (CalCEF) is a family of non-profit organizations working together to accelerate the movement of clean energy technologies along the continuum from innovation to infrastructure. Using tools from finance, public policy and technological innovation, CalCEF pursues these goals at the local, state and national levels via three affiliated entities: CalCEF Ventures, an evergreen investment fund; CalCEF Innovations, which leads CalCEF’s analysis and solutions development; and CalCEF Catalyst, an industry acceleration platform. Climate Policy Initiative is an analysis and advisory organization that works to improve the most important energy and land use policies in the world. An independent, not-for-profit organization supported in part by a grant from the Open Society Foundations, CPI has offices and programs in Brazil, China, Europe, India, Indonesia, and the United States. “Strategies to Scale-Up U.S. Renewable Energy Investment” http://www.oregonwave.org/wp-content/uploads/Strategies-to-Scale-Up-US-Renewable-Energy-Investment.pdf)
 * And, Renewable Energy is winning the investment race**

Private sector investment in the U.S. renewable energy sector has grown significantly AND to produce more of the energy we consume here in the United States. **Krauss and Malkin ’10** (“Mexico Oil Politics Keeps Riches Just Out of Reach” New York Times, Clifford Krauss and Elisabeth Malkin, March 8, 2010 http://www.nytimes.com/2010/03/09/business/global/09pemex.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0) To the Mexican people, one of the great achievements in their history was AND an embarrassing disaster for Pemex, the latest in a string of them.
 * B. Link – Expanded US/Mexico cooperation increases our dependence on Oil**

**CBO, 2012** (Congressional Budget Office, “Energy Security in the United States”, May, http://www.cbo.gov/sites/default/files/cbofiles/attachments/05-09-EnergySecurity.pdf)
 * C. Internal Link – Reliance on oil production crushes the transition to renewables**

Even if world oil prices declined as a result of increased U.S. AND the vulnerability of most consumers to disruptions in oil markets largely unchanged.38 **Leahy, ’11** (Stephen, Independent environmental journalist for 16 years, “Permafrost Melt Soon Irreversible Without Major Fossil Fuel Cuts”, Feb 21, http://www.countercurrents.org/leahy210911.htm) UXBRIDGE - Thawing permafrost is threatening to overwhelm attempts to keep the planet from getting AND future, but we must start now," Leape said in a statement. **Speth 2008** [James, dean of the Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies at Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut. Currently he serves the school as the Carl W. Knobloch, Jr. Dean and Sara Shallenberger Brown Professor in the Practice of Environmental Policy, The Bridge @ the Edge of the World, pg. 26]
 * D. Impact – Renewable Transition is critical to solve global warming**
 * And, Positive feedbacks ensure runaway warming, causes extinction**

The possibility of abrupt climate change is linked to what may be the most problematic AND and the trip will exterminate a large fraction of species on the planet. **1NC – North America Adv Frontline**

**Economist 11** (“The push for deeper ties peters out”, Feb 24, [], CMR)
 * No solvency- Full integration impossible --- too many barriers**

WHEN Canada, Mexico and the United States implemented the North American Free-Trade AND the next North American summit will probably prove just as difficult to schedule. **Field 12** (Alan M, “Will protectionist murmurs deter efforts to forge even closer economic integration”, July 5, [|http://www.canadiansailings.ca/?p=4319#sthash.EBghHG0k.dpuf], CMR)
 * Turn- The plan causes a huge protectionist backlash**

Although current NAFTA provisions for labour are “archaic,” said Ms. Greenwood, AND – and yet equally challenged by competition from other regions of the world. **O’Brien 8** (Dan, Senior Editor – Economic Intelligence Unit, “Our Vested Interest in a McCain Win”, Sunday Business Post, 11-2, [], CMR)
 * That will force Obama to bash NAFTA – turns case**

Anti-globalisation sentiment is widespread in the Democratic Party, which has traditionally been AND North American Free Trade Agreement. Obama may not be able to resist.


 * Heg doesn’t solve war – No threats require primacy and other factors ensure security.**

**Friedman and Preble 10** (Benjamin Friedman is a research fellow in defense and homeland security studies at the Cato Institute, Christopher Preble is director of foreign policy studies at the Cato Institute, Budgetary Savings from Military Restraint, September 22, 2010 Cato Policy Analysis No. 667 September 23, 2010 []

The United States confuses what it wants from its military, which is global primacy AND resentment. Global military primacy is a game not worth the candle.56 **1NC - Energy Adv Frontline**
 * Domestic oil production is developing now – the status quo solves.**

**Domm, 2013 (Patti, CNBC Executive News Editor, “US Is on Fast-Track to Energy Independence: Study” CNBC, http://www.cnbc.com/id/100450133, LL)**

U.S. oil and gas production is evolving so rapidly—and demand AND he's had some "push back but not as much as last year."

**Duffy 12** Aimee, “Busting the Myth of Energy Independence”, Aug 28, [], CMR
 * Can’t solve dependence on the Middle East – it’s a global market.**

The global marketplace ¶ Even if we were to accept these three assumptions, there AND likelihood that we will continue to turn to foreign sources in the future. **Duffy 12** Aimee, “Busting the Myth of Energy Independence”, Aug 28, [], CMR
 * Mexico can’t be a major producer of oil --- too many barriers, lack of interest**

Assumption No. 2: Everything is fine in Mexico ¶ To put it simply AND it seems foolish to rely on the country for an increase in imports.

**O’Sullivan 13** (Meghan, professor at Harvard University’s Kennedy School of Government and former deputy national security adviser in the George W. Bush administration, ’Energy Independence’ Alone Won’t Boost U.S. Power, Feb 14, [], CMR)
 * No solvency - Energy independence won’t solve US vulnerability in the middle east.**

Still, despite all this good news, the U.S. energy boom AND it was when Uncle Sam secured much of its oil from Saudi Arabia.

**INC – Illegal Immigration**

**Muskal 12/6** /12 (Michael, “Illegal immigration to U.S. stays down, Pew's latest numbers show”, [], CMR)
 * Illegal immigration from Mexico declining**

There are about 11.1 million unauthorized immigrants living in the United States, AND 000, and the majority arrived legally, according to the center’s estimates.

**Hanson 07** ( Gordon, Professor Hanson holds the Pacific Economic Cooperation Chair in International Economic Relations at UC San Diego in a report to the COUNCIL ON FOREIGN RELATIONS, “The Economic¶ Logic of Illegal¶ Immigration,” ME) This analysis concludes that there is little evidence that legal immigration is¶ economically preferable AND between jobs,¶ limiting their benefit to the U.S. economy.
 * Illegals are better for the economy than legal immigrants**

**Plumer 13** (Brad, “Graph of the Day: Illegal immigration has slowed since 2007”, Jan 28, [], CMR)
 * Trend for illegal immigration is negative – especially for Mexico**

So how many people would that affect? At the moment, there are roughly AND a return to the levels of Mexican unauthorized immigration of a decade ago.”

**1NC – Solvency Frontline** **O’Neil 4/29/13**
 * No Solvency – Mexico says no - the new Nieto administration in Mexico is less likely to cooperate with the US** **.**

Shannon O'Neil is Senior Fellow for Latin America Studies at the Council on Foreign Relations (CFR), an independent, nonpartisan membership organization, think tank, and publisher. She holds a BA from Yale University, an MA in International Relations from Yale University, and a PhD in Government from Harvard University. “Obama Heads to Mexico” Latin America’s Moment http://blogs.cfr.org/oneil/2013/04/29/obama-heads-to-mexico/

Yet no less important for the two neighbors is security. Under Felipe Calderón’s administration AND States on a day-to-day basis as much as Mexico. **Hufbauer & Scott ‘5** Reginald Jones Senior Fellow since ’92, was the Marcus Wallenberg Professor of Int’l Finance Diplomacy @ Georgetown University, AND Jeffrey J, senior fellow, joined the Inst for Int’l Economic in ’83, visiting lecturer @ Princeton, “NAFTA Revisited: Achievements and Challenges”, page number below
 * Plan fails and will be rejected – internal reform is a pre-requisite to investment**

To generate significant sums required for such investments, Mexico will need to attract both AND first willing to tap its own resources. [page 472-473] **Pastor 12 – prof and director of the Center for North American Studies @ American** Robert A, Beyond the Continental Divide, July/August, [], CMR
 * No chance the plan solves – only trilateral cooperation with Canada can ensure successful integration**

The problem is that our leaders do not think continentally. As long as they AND our three great countries, but only if we first see the possibility.

=Neg Rd 4=

**Cap K**

**Petras 10**, (Prof. James Petras, Professor of Sociology at Binghamton University, 12/2/10, “Latin America’s Twenty First Century Capitalism and the US Empire”, 7/5/13 SS, http://www.globalresearch.ca/latin-america-s-twenty-first-century-capitalism-and-the-us-empire/22223)
 * The 1AC’s hegemonic use of the USFG to engage Latin America promotes capitalism**

Lumpen capitalism develops a dynamic of its own, independent of its role as an AND first century capitalists are leading the way to further decline in imperial power.

(Mark Carey, assistant professor of history at Washington and Lee University where he teaches Latin American and environmental history. He won the 2008 ¶ Leopold-Hidy Prize for his article, "The History of Ice: How Glaciers Became an ¶ Endangered Species (Environmental History, July 2007), April 2009, “Latin American Environmental History: Current Trends, Interdisciplinary Insights, and¶ Future Directions”, Jstor, 7/6/13 SS, http://www.jstor.org/stable/40608469)
 * The economic imbalances of societies are at the heart of environmental destruction and warfare, be skeptical of “natural” disasters, they exist as results of exploitation rather than divine happenings**
 * Carey 09**

DISASTER SCHOLARS ARE AMONG the most prominent to blur nature-culture ¶ dichotomies, AND the fundamentals ¶ of social history- inherent in past human-environment interactions’

**Aparicio and Blaser ’08** (Juan Ricardo Aparicio, Associate Professor of Languages and Sociocultural Studies at the University of the Andes, Phd. In Anthropology from University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and Mario Blaser, professor of Anthropology at University of California, Davis, “The ‘Lettered City’ and the Insurrection of Subjugated Knowledges in Latin America, Anthropological Quarterly, Vol. 81, No. 1 (Winter ’08), JSTOR http://www.jstor.org/stable/30052740 SM)
 * Reject the aff, thus creating space and allowing for the germination of alternative politics**

The rejection of the modern state and capitalist market as organizing vectors of social life AND by performing the principles of the communal system as best as they can.

**Renewables 1NC** **Krauss and Malkin ’10** (“Mexico Oil Politics Keeps Riches Just Out of Reach” New York Times, Clifford Krauss and Elisabeth Malkin, March 8, 2010 http://www.nytimes.com/2010/03/09/business/global/09pemex.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0) In all, Mexican oil output has dropped from just short of 3.5 AND in Chicontepec. “The problem is getting it out of the ground.”
 * A. Uniqueness – Mexico’s oil production is tanking**

American Council On Renewable Energy ( **ACORE** ),California Clean Energy Fund (CalCEF), **and Climate Policy Initiative 6/25** (ACORE, a 501(c)(3) non-profit membership organization, is dedicated to building a secure and prosperous America with clean, renewable energy. ACORE provides a common educational platform for a wide range of interests in the renewable energy community, focusing on technology, finance and policy. We convene thought leadership forums and create energy industry partnerships to communicate the economic, security and environmental benefits of renewable energy. Founded in 2004, the California Clean Energy Fund (CalCEF) is a family of non-profit organizations working together to accelerate the movement of clean energy technologies along the continuum from innovation to infrastructure. Using tools from finance, public policy and technological innovation, CalCEF pursues these goals at the local, state and national levels via three affiliated entities: CalCEF Ventures, an evergreen investment fund; CalCEF Innovations, which leads CalCEF’s analysis and solutions development; and CalCEF Catalyst, an industry acceleration platform. Climate Policy Initiative is an analysis and advisory organization that works to improve the most important energy and land use policies in the world. An independent, not-for-profit organization supported in part by a grant from the Open Society Foundations, CPI has offices and programs in Brazil, China, Europe, India, Indonesia, and the United States. “Strategies to Scale-Up U.S. Renewable Energy Investment” http://www.oregonwave.org/wp-content/uploads/Strategies-to-Scale-Up-US-Renewable-Energy-Investment.pdf)
 * And, Renewable Energy is winning the investment race**

Private sector investment in the U.S. renewable energy sector has grown significantly AND to produce more of the energy we consume here in the United States. **Krauss and Malkin ’10** (“Mexico Oil Politics Keeps Riches Just Out of Reach” New York Times, Clifford Krauss and Elisabeth Malkin, March 8, 2010 http://www.nytimes.com/2010/03/09/business/global/09pemex.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0) To the Mexican people, one of the great achievements in their history was AND an embarrassing disaster for Pemex, the latest in a string of them.
 * B. Link – Expanded US/Mexico cooperation increases our dependence on Oil**

**CBO, 2012** (Congressional Budget Office, “Energy Security in the United States”, May, http://www.cbo.gov/sites/default/files/cbofiles/attachments/05-09-EnergySecurity.pdf)
 * C. Internal Link – Reliance on oil production crushes the transition to renewables**

Even if world oil prices declined as a result of increased U.S. AND the vulnerability of most consumers to disruptions in oil markets largely unchanged.38 **Leahy, ’11** (Stephen, Independent environmental journalist for 16 years, “Permafrost Melt Soon Irreversible Without Major Fossil Fuel Cuts”, Feb 21, http://www.countercurrents.org/leahy210911.htm) UXBRIDGE - Thawing permafrost is threatening to overwhelm attempts to keep the planet from getting AND future, but we must start now," Leape said in a statement. **Speth 2008** [James, dean of the Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies at Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut. Currently he serves the school as the Carl W. Knobloch, Jr. Dean and Sara Shallenberger Brown Professor in the Practice of Environmental Policy, The Bridge @ the Edge of the World, pg. 26]
 * D. Impact – Renewable Transition is critical to solve global warming**
 * And, Positive feedbacks ensure runaway warming, causes extinction**

The possibility of abrupt climate change is linked to what may be the most problematic AND and the trip will exterminate a large fraction of species on the planet. **1NC – North America Adv Frontline**

**Economist 11** (“The push for deeper ties peters out”, Feb 24, [], CMR)
 * No solvency- Full integration impossible --- too many barriers**

WHEN Canada, Mexico and the United States implemented the North American Free-Trade AND the next North American summit will probably prove just as difficult to schedule. **Field 12** (Alan M, “Will protectionist murmurs deter efforts to forge even closer economic integration”, July 5, [|http://www.canadiansailings.ca/?p=4319#sthash.EBghHG0k.dpuf], CMR)
 * Turn- The plan causes a huge protectionist backlash**

Although current NAFTA provisions for labour are “archaic,” said Ms. Greenwood, AND – and yet equally challenged by competition from other regions of the world. **O’Brien 8** (Dan, Senior Editor – Economic Intelligence Unit, “Our Vested Interest in a McCain Win”, Sunday Business Post, 11-2, [], CMR)
 * That will force Obama to bash NAFTA – turns case**

Anti-globalisation sentiment is widespread in the Democratic Party, which has traditionally been AND North American Free Trade Agreement. Obama may not be able to resist.


 * Heg doesn’t solve war – No threats require primacy and other factors ensure security.**

**Friedman and Preble 10** (Benjamin Friedman is a research fellow in defense and homeland security studies at the Cato Institute, Christopher Preble is director of foreign policy studies at the Cato Institute, Budgetary Savings from Military Restraint, September 22, 2010 Cato Policy Analysis No. 667 September 23, 2010 []

The United States confuses what it wants from its military, which is global primacy AND resentment. Global military primacy is a game not worth the candle.56 **1NC - Energy Adv Frontline**
 * Domestic oil production is developing now – the status quo solves.**

**Domm, 2013 (Patti, CNBC Executive News Editor, “US Is on Fast-Track to Energy Independence: Study” CNBC, http://www.cnbc.com/id/100450133, LL)**

U.S. oil and gas production is evolving so rapidly—and demand AND he's had some "push back but not as much as last year."

**Duffy 12** Aimee, “Busting the Myth of Energy Independence”, Aug 28, [], CMR
 * Can’t solve dependence on the Middle East – it’s a global market.**

The global marketplace ¶ Even if we were to accept these three assumptions, there AND likelihood that we will continue to turn to foreign sources in the future. **Duffy 12** Aimee, “Busting the Myth of Energy Independence”, Aug 28, [], CMR
 * Mexico can’t be a major producer of oil --- too many barriers, lack of interest**

Assumption No. 2: Everything is fine in Mexico ¶ To put it simply AND it seems foolish to rely on the country for an increase in imports.

**O’Sullivan 13** (Meghan, professor at Harvard University’s Kennedy School of Government and former deputy national security adviser in the George W. Bush administration, ’Energy Independence’ Alone Won’t Boost U.S. Power, Feb 14, [], CMR)
 * No solvency - Energy independence won’t solve US vulnerability in the middle east.**

Still, despite all this good news, the U.S. energy boom AND it was when Uncle Sam secured much of its oil from Saudi Arabia.

**INC – Illegal Immigration**

**Muskal 12/6** /12 (Michael, “Illegal immigration to U.S. stays down, Pew's latest numbers show”, [], CMR)
 * Illegal immigration from Mexico declining**

There are about 11.1 million unauthorized immigrants living in the United States, AND 000, and the majority arrived legally, according to the center’s estimates.

**Hanson 07** ( Gordon, Professor Hanson holds the Pacific Economic Cooperation Chair in International Economic Relations at UC San Diego in a report to the COUNCIL ON FOREIGN RELATIONS, “The Economic¶ Logic of Illegal¶ Immigration,” ME) This analysis concludes that there is little evidence that legal immigration is¶ economically preferable AND between jobs,¶ limiting their benefit to the U.S. economy.
 * Illegals are better for the economy than legal immigrants**

**Plumer 13** (Brad, “Graph of the Day: Illegal immigration has slowed since 2007”, Jan 28, [], CMR)
 * Trend for illegal immigration is negative – especially for Mexico**

So how many people would that affect? At the moment, there are roughly AND a return to the levels of Mexican unauthorized immigration of a decade ago.”

**1NC – Solvency Frontline** **O’Neil 4/29/13**
 * No Solvency – Mexico says no - the new Nieto administration in Mexico is less likely to cooperate with the US** **.**

Shannon O'Neil is Senior Fellow for Latin America Studies at the Council on Foreign Relations (CFR), an independent, nonpartisan membership organization, think tank, and publisher. She holds a BA from Yale University, an MA in International Relations from Yale University, and a PhD in Government from Harvard University. “Obama Heads to Mexico” Latin America’s Moment http://blogs.cfr.org/oneil/2013/04/29/obama-heads-to-mexico/

Yet no less important for the two neighbors is security. Under Felipe Calderón’s administration AND States on a day-to-day basis as much as Mexico. **Hufbauer & Scott ‘5** Reginald Jones Senior Fellow since ’92, was the Marcus Wallenberg Professor of Int’l Finance Diplomacy @ Georgetown University, AND Jeffrey J, senior fellow, joined the Inst for Int’l Economic in ’83, visiting lecturer @ Princeton, “NAFTA Revisited: Achievements and Challenges”, page number below
 * Plan fails and will be rejected – internal reform is a pre-requisite to investment**

To generate significant sums required for such investments, Mexico will need to attract both AND first willing to tap its own resources. [page 472-473] **Pastor 12 – prof and director of the Center for North American Studies @ American** Robert A, Beyond the Continental Divide, July/August, [], CMR
 * No chance the plan solves – only trilateral cooperation with Canada can ensure successful integration**

The problem is that our leaders do not think continentally. As long as they AND our three great countries, but only if we first see the possibility.